Muzadi, N.H., Mubaligh, A. and Fitriani, L. 2025. The Flipped Classroom Model as a Pedagogical Innovation to Enhance Mufradat Mastery at the Elementary Level. Al-Irfan : Journal of Arabic Literature and Islamic Studies. 8, 2 (Sep. 2025), 226–246. DOI:https://doi.org/10.58223/al-irfan.v8i2.458.